1) What is Active Directory?A
central component of the Windows platform, Active Directory directory
service provides the means to manage the identities and relationships
that make up network environments. For example we can create, manage and
administrator users, computers and printers in the network from active
directory.
2) What is DNS? Why it is used? What is "forward lookup" and "reverse lookup" in DNS? What are A records and mx records?DNS
is domain naming service and is used for resolving names to IP address
and IP addresses to names. The computer understands only numbers while
we can easily remember names. So to make it easier for us what we do is
we assign names to computers and websites. When we use these names (Like
yahoo.com) the computer uses DNS to convert to IP address (number) and
it executes our request.
Forward lookup: Converting names to IP address is called forward lookup.
Reverse lookup: Resolving IP address to names is called reverse lookup.
'A'
record: Its called host record and it has the mapping of a name to IP
address. This is the record in DNS with the help of which DNS can find
out the IP address of a name.
'MX' Record: its called mail
exchanger record. Its the record needed to locate the mail servers in
the network. This record is also found in DNS.
3) What id DHCP? Why it is used? What are scopes and super scopes?DHCP:
Dynamic host configuration protocol. Its used to allocate IP addresses
to large number of PCs in a network environment. This makes the IP
management very easy.
Scope: Scope contains IP address like
subnet mask, gateway IP, DNS server IP and exclusion range which a
client can use to communicate with the other PCs in the network.
Superscope: When we combine two or more scopes together its called super scope.
4) What are the types of LAN cables used? What is a cross cable?Types
of LAN cables that are in use are "Cat 5" and "Cat 6". "Cat 5" can
support 100 Mbps of speed and "CAT 6" can support 1Gbps of speed.
Cross cable: Its used to connect same type of devices without using a switch/hub so that they can communicate.
5) What is the difference between a normal LAN cable and cross cable? What could be the maximum length of the LAN cable?The way the paired wires are connected to the connector (RJ45) is different
in cross cable and normal LAN cable.
The theoretical length is 100 meters but after 80 meters you may see drop in speed due to loss of signal.
6) What would you use to connect two computers without using switches?Cross cable.
7) What is IPCONFIG command? Why it is used?IPCONFIG
command is used to display the IP information assigned to a computer.
From the output we can find out the IP address, DNS IP address, gateway
IP address assigned to that computer.
8) What is APIPA IP address? Or what IP address is assigned to the computer when the DHCP server is not available?When
DHCP server is not available the Windows client computer assigns an
automatic IP address to itself so that it can communicate with the
network computers. This ip address is called APIPA. ITs in the range of
169.254.X.X.
APIPA stands for Automatic private IP addressing. Its in the range of 169.254.X.X.
9) What is a DOMAIN? What is the difference between a domain and a workgroup? Domain
is created when we install Active Directory. It's a security boundary
which is used to manage computers inside the boundary. Domain can be
used to centrally administrator computers and we can govern them using
common policies called group policies.
We can't do the same with workgroup.
10) Do you know how to configure outlook 2000 and outlook 2003 for a user?Please visit the link below to find out how to configure outlook 2000 and outlook 2003.
http://www.it.cmich.edu/quickguides/qg_outlook2003_server.asp 11) What is a PST file and what is the difference between a PST file and OST file? What file is used by outlook express?PST
file is used to store the mails locally when using outlook 2000 or
2003. OST file is used when we use outlook in cached exchanged mode.
Outlook express used odb file.
12) What is BSOD? What do you do when you get blue screen in a computer? How do you troubleshoot it?BSOD
stands for blue screen of Death. when there is a hardware or OS fault
due to which the windows OS can run it give a blue screen with a code.
Best way to resolve it is to boot the computer is "Last known good
configuration".
If this doesn't work than boot the computer in safe mode. If it boots up than the problems with one of the devices or drivers.
13) What is RIS? What is Imaging/ghosting?RIS
stands for remote installation services. You save the installed image
on a windows server and then we use RIS to install the configured on in
the new hardware. We can use it to deploy both server and client OS.
Imaging or ghosting also does the same job of capturing an installed
image and then install it on a new hardware when there is a need. We go
for RIS or imaging/ghosting because installing OS every time using a CD
can be a very time consuming task. So to save that time we can go for
RIS/Ghosting/imaging.
14) What is VPN and how to configure it?VPN
stands for Virtual private network. VPN is used to connect to the
corporate network to access the resources like mail and files in the
LAN. VPN can be configured using the steps mentioned in the KB:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/305550
15) Your computer slowly drops out of network. A reboot of the computerfixes the problem. What to do to resolve this issue?Update the network card driver.
16) Your system is infected with Virus? How to recover the data?Install
another system. Install the OS with the lates patches, Antivirus with
latest updates. Connect the infected HDD as secondary drive in the
system. Once done scan and clean the secondary HDD. Once done copy the
files to the new system.
17) How to join a system to the domain? What type of user can add a system to the domain?Please
visit the article below and read "Adding the Workstation to the Domain"
http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windowsserver2003/technologi
/directory/
18) What is the difference between a switch and a hub?Switch sends the traffic to the port to which its meant for. Hub sends the traffic to all the ports.
19) What is a router? Why we use it?Router
is a switch which uses routing protocols to process and send the
traffic. It also receives the traffic and sends it across but it uses
the routing protocols to do so.
20) What are manageable and non manageable switches?Switches
which can be administered are called manageable switches. For example
we can create VLAN for on such switch. On no manageable switches we
can't do so.
